Psoriasis Treatment: Your Guide to Managing Flare-Ups and Finding Relief

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that causes red, scaly, and often itchy patches to appear on the skin. Its severity can vary greatly, and flare-ups tend to come and go without warning. Fortunately, effective treatment options for psoriasis are available that can significantly reduce symptoms.

This guide explores what psoriasis is, the most effective treatments, how to manage flare-ups, what works quickly, and essential dos and don'ts for day-to-day skin care.

What Is Psoriasis?

Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition where the immune system causes skin cells to regenerate too quickly. The result is an overproduction of skin cells, leading to a build-up of inflamed, red, and scaly plaques. These patches can develop anywhere on the body, but they are most commonly found on the scalp, knees, elbows, and lower back.

Psoriasis can vary in severity, ranging from occasional flare-ups to persistent symptoms.

Types of Psoriasis

There are several different forms of psoriasis, each with its distinct characteristics. The five main types are:

Plaque psoriasis – This is the most common type of psoriasis. It is identified by raised, inflamed red patches covered with silvery-white scales.
Guttate psoriasis – Shows up as small, drop-like spots on the skin and is frequently triggered by infections like strep throat.
Inverse psoriasis – Smooth, shiny red patches that develop in skin folds, including areas like the underarms, groin, and under the breasts.
Pustular psoriasis – Marked by white, pus-filled bumps surrounded by reddened skin, commonly affecting the hands and feet.
Erythrodermic psoriasis is a rare but severe form of psoriasis characterised by widespread redness, intense itching, peeling, and discomfort affecting large areas of the body.

Identifying the type of psoriasis is key to finding the right treatment plan.

What Is the Best Treatment for Psoriasis?

The most effective psoriasis treatment varies based on the severity of the condition. While there isn't a universal cure, many individuals get relief by combining different treatment methods, such as:

Topical Treatments (Creams and Ointments)

Topical treatments are often the first line of defence for managing psoriasis symptoms. They're applied directly to the skin and can help reduce inflammation and ease discomfort. Common options include:

Corticosteroid creams – These are widely used to calm redness, itching, and swelling. They are available in different strengths, with the appropriate choice depending on the severity of your symptoms and the area of the body being treated.
Vitamin D analogues (e.g. calcipotriol): Help slow skin cell growth.
Salicylic acid helps remove scales and improves the absorption of other treatments.
Coal tar products help reduce scaling and soothe inflammation.
Moisturisers and emollients: Essential for maintaining skin hydration, especially during dry weather or flare-ups.

These can often be prescribed or recommended by a GP and used regularly at home.

Systemic Treatments

For more severe cases of psoriasis, oral or injectable medications might be necessary. These treatments include:

Methotrexate
Cyclosporine
Biologic therapies (e.g. adalimumab, etanercept)

They work by targeting specific components of the immune system and are usually prescribed by a dermatologist.

Light Therapy (Phototherapy)

Phototherapy, which utilises controlled doses of ultraviolet B (UVB) light, can be an effective treatment option for widespread or persistent psoriasis. It works by slowing the accelerated production of skin cells and calming inflammation.

Recognising and Avoiding Triggers

To effectively control psoriasis, it is essential to identify factors that exacerbate symptoms. Recognising and avoiding these triggers over time can play a vital role in keeping the condition under control. Common triggers include:

Stress
Infections (especially strep throat)
Skin injuries (cuts, burns, insect bites)
Cold, dry weather
Certain medications (e.g. beta-blockers, lithium)
Smoking and alcohol

Avoiding triggers can significantly enhance the effectiveness of treatment and help minimise flare-ups.

What Helps Clear Psoriasis Quickly?

Although there's no overnight cure for psoriasis, some treatments can provide faster relief than others:

Strong corticosteroid creams can ease redness and scaling in just a few days.
Phototherapy typically begins to show results within 2 to 4 weeks when administered consistently.
Systemic medications and biologics may take several weeks to work, but they offer stronger and longer-lasting control.
Wet wraps and medicated moisturisers can quickly soothe itching and soften thick, scaly areas when appropriately applied.

Quick tip: For faster relief, try combining treatments—for example, pairing a corticosteroid cream with a moisturiser and avoiding common triggers like stress, alcohol, or harsh soaps.

Dos and Don'ts for Managing Psoriasis

Proper self-care plays a significant role in managing psoriasis. Here are some essential dos and don'ts:

Do:

Moisturise your skin every day to prevent dryness and reduce flare-ups.
Take warm (not hot) baths with Epsom salts to soothe irritated skin.
Manage stress through meditation, gentle exercise, or getting enough sleep.
Stay consistent with your treatment plan, even when symptoms improve.
Protect your skin from injuries such as cuts or scrapes, as these can trigger new psoriasis patches.
Check in with your GP regularly, especially if you notice any changes in your symptoms.

Don't:

Avoid picking at or scratching psoriasis plaques, as this can exacerbate symptoms or lead to infections.
Avoid using harsh soaps or hot water, as they can dry out and irritate your skin further.
Overusing steroid creams can cause thinning of the skin, as prolonged or frequent use can lead to this effect.
Ignore triggers – keeping a symptom diary can help identify patterns.
Self-medicate without guidance, especially with oral treatments or supplements.

When to See a GP

If you're experiencing persistent or worsening symptoms, or if over-the-counter treatments are ineffective, it's time to consult a doctor. With GP24, you can access 24-hour online GP services to discuss your symptoms, get prescriptions, and receive referrals, all from the comfort of your own home.

Conclusion

Psoriasis can be physically uncomfortable, but with the proper psoriasis treatment and lifestyle strategies, it is manageable. From topical creams and phototherapy to systemic treatments and simple daily habits, numerous tools are available to reduce flare-ups and promote healthy skin.